Abstract
Optical Illusions in Contemporary Design and the Example of SHIGEO FUKUDA
Op-Art (Optical Art), an art movement that emerged in the 1960s, primarily focuses on optical illusions as well as the perception of depth in the viewer through geometric shapes and lines. In the context of providing this depth and optical illusions, black and white colors are generally preferred, as well as abstract expressions/designs are widely used. Op-Art, which needs certain technical principles and optical rules, impresses the audience by creating physical and psychological effects. In this art movement, artists created their works with certain geometric patterns according to a fictional logic and illusion structure. Artists widely use optical illusion fields in the fields of design in contemporary art. It is possible to come across the practices of Optical Art, one of the remarkable movements of the 20th century, in every field of visual arts such as painting, sculpture, ceramics, graphics and architecture. The aim of this study is to evaluate the applications of optical illusion in the field of contemporary art in terms of artists and their productions. In the context of the subject, artist readings were made on optical applications in contemporary design, in particular, Victor Vasarely, Salvador Dali, Maurits Cornelis Escher, Kurt Wenner and Velimir Vukicevic. This study also focuses on the art works of Shigeo Fukuda, who is one of the most important designers of the 20th century in terms of both his design understanding and designer identity, in the context of Op Art. In addition to the universal values in Fukuda's designs, the original designs he produced deeply influenced the 21st century's design approach as much as his own era. The artist has made significant contributions to the history of contemporary graphic design.
Keywords
Contemporary Art, Op-Art (Optical Art), Graphics, Shigeo Fukuda
