Abstract
Kyrgyzstan Revolt of 1916 (National Struggle of the Kyrgyz Against Colonial Policy of Russian Empire)
The Revolt of Turkestan, or Urkun, in 1916 began in the territories of the Kyrgyz in July 1916 and ended with the February Revolution in Russia in 1917. In a short time, it spread to the territory of Uzbek and Kazakhstan. The revolt arose when Muslims aged 19-43, who were exempted from compulsory military service in the First World War, were forced into military service. The revolt was violently suppressed by the Russian army. Thousands of Kazakh and Kyrgyz were killed or forced to emigrate to China. Although pressure of the tsarist government on the Kyrgyz ended with the February Revolution, Russia could not gain full control over the region until the October Revolution took place. With the Soviet regime, a comfortable period began for the Kyrgyz, and Kyrgyz leaders were declared heroes against the Tsarist regime by the new regime.
Keywords
Turkestan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Russia, Urkun, Rebellion, Tsarist, 1916.
